11 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
4a944bc493 minor changes in fat32 2025-09-20 08:29:43 -04:00
137735431a move stack after bss padding 2025-09-18 19:16:27 -04:00
6caaf6aa6d some structures for okteta
put in $(qtpaths --paths GenericDataLocation)
2025-09-18 17:20:17 -04:00
1e9de446f0 a few fixes to complete the move 2025-09-18 14:25:27 -04:00
5f2ca55af7 move mbr/vbr code to FAT32 system 2025-09-18 14:19:39 -04:00
11656c2827 more error codes and checks in vbr 2025-09-18 14:07:45 -04:00
f87f88a0dc fix qemu launch 2025-09-18 14:06:52 -04:00
7baa53178a update gitignore 2025-09-18 14:06:32 -04:00
8002d1cb54 more fat fs type checks 2025-09-18 11:50:27 -04:00
d8a89cfd2b remove shortjmp and ident from bpb 2025-09-18 11:20:05 -04:00
6c402b5c4f update structures 2025-09-17 21:48:37 -04:00
11 changed files with 281 additions and 157 deletions

1
.gitignore vendored
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@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ stevia-log
compose-dev.yaml
eth_null-tx.log
eth_null-txdump.txt
*.log

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@@ -38,9 +38,6 @@ QEMU_ARGS := \
-device e1000,netdev=n0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
-netdev user,id=n0 \
-device piix3-usb-uhci \
-device usb-ohci,id=ohci0 \
-device usb-ehci,id=ehci0 \
-device pcspk \
-parallel null \
-serial null -serial none -serial none -serial none \
-chardev file,id=dbg,path=bochs-e9.log,append=on \

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@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<data>
<struct name="MBR">
<!-- 446 bytes: bootstrap code -->
<array name="bootCode" length="446">
<primitive type="UInt8"/>
</array>
<!-- 4 x 16-byte partition entries -->
<array name="partitions" length="4">
<struct name="PartitionEntry">
<primitive name="status" type="UInt8"/> <!-- 0x80=bootable -->
<array name="chsFirst" length="3"><primitive type="UInt8"/></array>
<primitive name="type" type="UInt8"/>
<array name="chsLast" length="3"><primitive type="UInt8"/></array>
<primitive name="lbaStart" type="UInt32"/>
<primitive name="lbaSectors" type="UInt32"/>
</struct>
</array>
<!-- Signature 0x55AA (little-endian UInt16 == 0xAA55 on disk) -->
<primitive name="signature" type="UInt16"/>
</struct>
</data>

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@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
[Desktop Entry]
Icon=application-x-executable
Type=Service
ServiceTypes=KPluginInfo
Name=Stevia MBR Structure
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Author=Elaina Claus
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=mbr
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Version=1.0
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Website=https://chtm.me
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Category=structure
X-KDE-PluginInfo-License=MIT
X-KDE-PluginInfo-EnabledByDefault=false

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@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<data>
<struct name="VBR">
<!-- 3 bytes: jmp over bpb code -->
<array name="jmpcode" length="3">
<primitive name="opcode" type="UInt8"/>
</array>
<array name="bs_ident" length="8">
<primitive type="Char"/>
</array>
<struct name="FAT32_bpb">
<primitive name="BytesPerSector" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="SectorsPerCluster" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="ReservedSectors" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="FatCount" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="RootEntryCount16" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="TotalSectors16" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="MediaDesc" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="FATSize16" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="SectorsPerTrack" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="HeadCount" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="HiddenSectors" type="UInt32"/>
<primitive name="TotalSectors32" type="UInt32"/>
</struct>
<struct name="FAT32_ebpb">
<primitive name="FATSize32" type="UInt32"/>
<primitive name="ExtFlags" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="FSVersion" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="RootDirCluster" type="UInt32"/>
<primitive name="FSInfoSector" type="UInt16"/>
<primitive name="BkBootSector" type="UInt16"/>
<array name="reserved0" length="12">
<primitive type="uint8"/>
</array>
<primitive name="DriveNumber" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="NtFlags" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="Signature" type="UInt8"/>
<primitive name="VolumeId" type="UInt32"/>
<array name="VolumeLabel" length="11">
<primitive type="Char"/>
</array>
<array name="FilesystemIdent" length="8">
<primitive type="Char"/>
</array>
</struct>
<array name="BootCode" length="420">
<primitive type="UInt8"/>
</array>
<!-- Signature 0xAA55 -->
<primitive name="signature" type="UInt16"/>
</struct>
</data>

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@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
[Desktop Entry]
Icon=application-x-executable
Type=Service
ServiceTypes=KPluginInfo
Name=Stevia FAT32 VBR Structure
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Author=Elaina Claus
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Name=vbr32
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Version=1.0
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Website=https://chtm.me
X-KDE-PluginInfo-Category=structure
X-KDE-PluginInfo-License=MIT
X-KDE-PluginInfo-EnabledByDefault=false

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@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@
%ifndef __INC_ERROR_CODES
; Errors
; 12 Errors, 5 in use
; MBR Error codes
%define MBR_ERROR_DISK_T_ERR 'a'
%define MBR_ERROR_NO_INT32E 'b'
%define MBR_ERROR_NO_NO_BOOT_PART 'c'
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@
%define MBR_ERROR_RESERVED_k 'k'
%define MBR_ERROR_INT13h_EREAD_ERR 'l'
; 12 Error
; VBR Error codes
%define VBR_ERROR_WRONG_FAT_SIZE 'm'
%define VBR_ERROR_NO_SIGNATURE 'n'
%define VBR_ERROR_DISK_READ_ERR 'o'
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@
%define VBR_ERROR_RESERVED_w 'w'
%define VBR_ERROR_RESERVED_x 'x'
; 22 errors, 8 in use
; Stage2 Error codes
%define STAGE2_A20_FAILED 'A'
%define STAGE2_SIGNATURE_MISSING 'B'
%define STAGE2_MM_E820_NO_SUPPORT 'C'
@@ -60,15 +59,15 @@
%define STAGE2_FAT32_E_UNSUPPORTED 'M'
%define STAGE2_FAT32_E_UNIMPLEMENTED 'N'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_MBR 'O'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_VBR 'P'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_Q 'Q'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_R 'R'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_S 'S'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_T 'T'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_U 'U'
%define STAGE2_ERROR_RESERVED_V 'V'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_ACTIVE 'P'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_SIGN 'Q'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_TOT 'R'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_FATSZ 'S'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_DIRENT 'T'
%define STAGE2_VBR_E_PARTTYPE 'U'
%define STAGE2_RESERVED_E_V 'V'
; for development only, specific errors should be above.
; Debug error codes
%define STEVIA_DEBUG_OK 'W'
%define STEVIA_DEBUG_ERR 'X'
%define STEVIA_DEBUG_UNIMPLEMENTED 'Y'

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@@ -16,9 +16,109 @@
%ifndef __INC_FAT32_SYS
%include "partition_table.inc"
%include "fat32/bpb_offset_bx.inc"
%include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
; int read_mbr(int boot_drive, void* dst)
; destination buffer needs 512 bytes of space
FAT32_load_mbr:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
; read mbr on boot drive to memory (for the partition table)
movzx ax, byte [bp + 4]
push ax ; drive_num (2)
push 0x01 ; count (2)
push dword 0x0 ; lba (4)
push word [bp + 6] ; offset = dst
push __STAGE2_SEGMENT ; this segment
call BIOS_int13h_ext_read
add sp, 0xC
.check_sig:
mov bx, [bp + 6]
cmp word [bx + 0x1FE], 0xAA55 ; check for bytes at end
jne .error_nosign
; TODO: this needs more error checking, zero checking, check the sig a bunch of stuff...
.endp:
__CDECL16_PROC_EXIT
ret
.error_nosign:
ERROR STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_MBR
; int read_vbr(int boot_drive, void* buf)
; read vbr on boot partition to memory (for fat bpb/ebpb)
; TODO: seperate validation and loading the sector, just check the 0xAA55 at the end here...
FAT32_load_vbr:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
mov bx, SteviaInfo
mov ax, word [bx + SteviaInfoStruct_t.p16_MbrPtr]
add ax, DISK_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET
mov bx, ax ; offset to part table
mov cx, 4 ; only checking 4 entries
.find_active_L0:
mov al, [bx + PartEntry_t.attributes]
cmp al, 0x80 ; 0x80 == 1000_0000b
je .check_fstype
add bx, PartEntry_t_size ; next part entry's attributes
loop .find_active_L0
jmp .error_noactive
.check_fstype:
; check for part_type = 0x0C (DOS 7.1+/W95 FAT32 w/ LBA) or 0x1C (Hidden 0x0C)
__BOCHS_MAGIC_DEBUG
mov al, [bx + PartEntry_t.part_type]
cmp al, 0x0C
je .active_ok
; *or*
cmp al, 0x1C
je .active_ok
jmp .error_badparttype ; error if part_type != 0x1C or 0x0C
.active_ok:
movzx ax, byte [bp + 4]
push ax ; drive_num (2)
push 0x01 ; count (2)
mov eax, dword [bx + PartEntry_t.lba_start]
push dword eax ; lba (4)
push word [bp + 6] ; offset = dst
push __STAGE2_SEGMENT ; this segment
call BIOS_int13h_ext_read
add sp, 0xC
; vbr (with fat bpb/ebpb) is at the buffer now
.check_sig:
mov bx, [bp + 6]
cmp word [bx + 0x1FE], 0xAA55 ; check for bytes at end
jne .error_nosign
.check_FAT_sanity:
; we only quickly validate that this is *probably* a FAT32 volume
add bx, 11 ; point bx at start of bpb (skip jmp code and ident)
cmp word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.u16_TotalSectors16], 0 ; TotalSectors16 should be 0 (use TotalSectors32 in bpb)
jne .error_totsectors
cmp word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.u16_FATSize16], 0 ; FatSize16 will be 0 if FAT32 (use FATSize32 in ebpb)
jne .error_fatsz
cmp word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.u16_RootEntryCount16], 0 ; root dir info is in data clusters on fat32
jne .error_rootdir
.endp:
__CDECL16_PROC_EXIT
ret
.error_noactive:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_ACTIVE
.error_nosign:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_SIGN
.error_totsectors:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_TOT
.error_fatsz:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_FATSZ
.error_rootdir:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_DIRENT
.error_badparttype:
ERROR STAGE2_VBR_E_PARTTYPE
; what a 'mount' should probably do at this point...
; - read VBR at partition_lba
@@ -26,11 +126,12 @@
; - fill fat32_bpb_t and compute derived fields
; - read FSInfo (free count/next free)
; - ???
; int fat32_mount(uint32_t partition_lba, fat32_bpb_t* out);
; int fat32_mount(FAT32_State_t* state, uint32_t partition_lba);
FAT32_mountfs:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
; mount: parse BPB, derive fat0_lba, data_lba, cluster0_lba.
.endp:
__CDECL16_PROC_EXIT
ret
@@ -38,7 +139,7 @@ FAT32_mountfs:
ERROR STEVIA_DEBUG_ERR
; int fat32_read_fat(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out);
; int fat32_read_fat(FAT32_State_t* state, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out);
FAT32_read_fat:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
@@ -53,7 +154,7 @@ FAT32_read_fat:
; EOC if (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) >= 0x0FFFFFF8.
; bad if == 0x0FFFFFF7.
; free if == 0x00000000.
; int fat32_next_clus(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out_next);
; int fat32_next_clus(FAT32_State_t* state, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out_next);
FAT32_next_cluster:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
@@ -65,7 +166,7 @@ FAT32_next_cluster:
ERROR STEVIA_DEBUG_ERR
; e.g:
; uint64_t clus_to_lba(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus) {
; uint64_t clus_to_lba(FAT32_State_t* state, uint32_t clus) {
; return v->data_lba + (uint64_t)(clus - 2) * v->secs_per_clus;
; }
FAT32_clus_to_lba:

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@@ -58,20 +58,18 @@
; resulting in a value which does not fit in the Number of Sectors entry at 0x13.
struc FAT32_bpb_t
.reserved_jmpboot resb 3
.ident resb 8
.bytes_per_sector_word resb 2
.sectors_per_cluster_byte resb 1
.reserved_sectors_word resb 2
.fat_count_byte resb 1
.unused1_ZERO_word resb 2 ; Root entry count field, 0 on fat32
.unused2_ZERO_word resb 2 ; total sectors size 16, 0 on fat32
.media_desc_byte resb 1
.unused3_ZERO_word resb 2 ; FAT size 16, 0 on fat32
.sectors_per_track_word resb 2
.head_count_word resb 2
.hidden_sectors_dword resb 4
.total_sectors_dword resb 4
.u16_BytesPerSector resw 1
.u8_SectorsPerCluster resb 1
.u16_ReservedSectors resw 1
.u8_FatCount resb 1
.u16_RootEntryCount16 resw 1 ; Root dir entry count field, 0 on fat32
.u16_TotalSectors16 resw 1 ; total number of sectors size, 0 on fat32
.u8_MediaDesc resb 1
.u16_FATSize16 resw 1 ; FAT size 16, 0 on fat32
.u16_SectorsPerTrack resw 1
.u16_HeadCount resw 1
.u32_HiddenSectors resd 1
.u32_TotalSectors32 resd 1
endstruc
; EBPB Information (FAT32)
@@ -91,19 +89,19 @@ endstruc
; 8 System identifier string. Always "FAT32 ". The spec says never to trust the contents of this string for any use.
struc FAT32_ebpb_t
.FATSz_dword resb 4
.extflags_word resb 2
.FSVersion_word resb 2
.root_clus_dword resb 4
.FSInfo_word resb 2
.BkBootSec_word resb 2
.reserved1 resb 12
.drive_number_byte resb 1
.nt_flags_byte resb 1
.signature_byte resb 1
.volume_id_dword resb 4
.volume_label_bytea resb 11
.system_ident_bytea resb 8
.u32_FATSize32 resd 1 ; size of *each* fat in sectors, total = FATSz * (# of FATs)
.u16_ExtFlags resw 1
.u16_FSVersion resw 1
.u32_RootDirCluster resd 1
.u16_FSInfoSector resw 1
.u16_BkBootSector resw 1
.reserved0 resb 12
.u8_DriveNumber resb 1
.u8_NtFlags resb 1
.u8_Signature resb 1
.u32_VolumeId resd 1
.volume_label resb 11
.system_ident resb 8 ; Should always be 'FAT32 '
endstruc
; ## Standard 8.3 structure ###
@@ -197,20 +195,11 @@ endstruc
; 32 bytes
struc FAT32_State_t
.first_data_sector_32 resd 1
.first_fat_sector_32 resd 1
.fat_size_32 resd 1
.curr_FAT_cluster_32 resd 1
.curr_dir_cluster_32 resd 1
.curr_drive_lba_32 resd 1
endstruc
; 16 bytes
struc FAT32_NextClusterData_t
.fat_offset resd 1
.fat_sector resd 1
.entry_offset resd 1
.reserved_1 resd 1
.u32_TotalClusters resd 1
.u32_DataAreaStartSector resd 1
.u32_FATAreaStartSector resd 1
.p16_FATBuffer resw 1
.p16_ClustBuffer resw 1
endstruc
; FAT32 Attributes

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@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ init:
%include "partition_table.inc"
%include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
;%include 'fat32/FAT32_SYS.inc'
%include 'fat32/FAT32_SYS.nasm'
; ###############
; BIOS functions
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ main:
push ax ; dst
movzx ax, byte [u8_BootDrive]
push ax ; boot_drive
__CDECL16_CALL ReadMbrData, 2 ; fill mbr buffer
__CDECL16_CALL FAT32_load_mbr, 2 ; fill/validate mbr buffer
; setup heap space for vbr data
__CDECL16_CALL_ARGS 0x200, 0x10
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ main:
push ax ; dst
movzx ax, byte [u8_BootDrive]
push ax ; boot_drive
__CDECL16_CALL ReadVbrData, 2 ; fill vbr buffer
__CDECL16_CALL FAT32_load_vbr, 2 ; fill/validate vbr buffer
; enable A20 gate
call EnableA20
@@ -194,82 +194,6 @@ hcf:
;
; ##############################
; int read_mbr(int boot_drive, void* dst)
; destination buffer needs 512 bytes of space
ReadMbrData:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
; read mbr on boot drive to memory (for the partition table)
movzx ax, byte [bp + 4]
push ax ; drive_num (2)
push 0x01 ; count (2)
push dword 0x0 ; lba (4)
push word [bp + 6] ; offset = dst
push __STAGE2_SEGMENT ; this segment
call BIOS_int13h_ext_read
add sp, 0xC
.check_sig:
mov bx, [bp + 6]
cmp word [bx + 0x1FE], 0xAA55 ; check for bytes at end
jne ReadMbrData.error_nosign
; TODO: this needs more error checking, zero checking, check the sig a bunch of stuff...
.endp:
__CDECL16_PROC_EXIT
ret
.error_nosign:
ERROR STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_MBR
; int read_vbr(int boot_drive, void* buf)
; read vbr on boot partition to memory (for fat bpb/ebpb)
ReadVbrData:
__CDECL16_PROC_ENTRY
.proc:
mov bx, SteviaInfo
mov ax, word [bx + SteviaInfoStruct_t.p16_MbrPtr]
add ax, DISK_PARTITION_TABLE_OFFSET
mov bx, ax ; offset to part table
mov cx, 4 ; only checking 4 entries
mov si, PartEntry_t.attributes
.find_active_L0:
mov al, byte [bx + si]
test al, 0x80 ; 0x80 == 1000_0000b
je ReadVbrData.active_found
add bx, PartEntry_t_size ; next part entry's attributes
loop ReadVbrData.find_active_L0
jmp ReadVbrData.error_noactive
.active_found:
movzx ax, byte [bp + 4]
push ax ; drive_num (2)
push 0x01 ; count (2)
mov eax, dword [bx + PartEntry_t.lba_start]
push dword eax ; lba (4)
push word [bp + 6] ; offset = dst
push __STAGE2_SEGMENT ; this segment
call BIOS_int13h_ext_read
add sp, 0xC
; vbr (with fat bpb/ebpb) is at the buffer now
.check_sig:
mov bx, [bp + 6]
cmp word [bx + 0x1FE], 0xAA55 ; check for bytes at end
jne ReadVbrData.error_nosign
.check_FAT_size:
test word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.unused2_ZERO_word], 0 ; TotSectors16 will not be set if FAT32
jnz ReadVbrData.error_badfatfs
.endp:
__CDECL16_PROC_EXIT
ret
.error_noactive:
ERROR STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_VBR
.error_nosign:
ERROR STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_VBR
.error_badfatfs:
ERROR STAGE2_ERROR_BAD_VBR
; set ds and es segments back to the base of the loader
%ifnmacro __TINY_DS_ES
%macro __TINY_DS_ES 0
@@ -529,17 +453,19 @@ align 16, resb 1
%define BIOSMemoryMap_SIZE 1024
BIOSMemoryMap:
resb BIOSMemoryMap_SIZE
align 16, resb 1
stack_bottom:
resb 2048
stack_top:
end_bss:
; !!! End bss data !!!
%define STACK_SIZE 0x1000 ; 4 KiB
; Pad to the cap (emits nothing in the file; only increases .bss virtual size).
; If BSS_SIZE > BSS_MAX_BYTES, this becomes negative and NASM errors out.
%define BSS_MAX_BYTES 0x2000
%define BSS_MAX_BYTES (0x2000 - STACK_SIZE)
resb (BSS_MAX_BYTES - (end_bss - begin_bss))
align 16, resb 1
stack_bottom:
resb STACK_SIZE
stack_top:
; Optional: keep a label for later math:
bss_cap_end:

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@@ -21,15 +21,21 @@
%define __STEVIA_VBR
section .text
__ENTRY:
phy_bpb_start:
; try to force encode a short jmp nop: i.e 0xEB 0x5A 0x90
; will jump right 0x5A (90 bytes) after the end of the ebpb
; this could also be encoded as 0xE9 0x?? 0x?? for a near jump
; if init ends up being >= 128 bytes from entry.
jmp short (init - $$)
nop
; fill BPB area with 0x00 since we skip writing this part to disk
; but we need it for the 'jmp short entry; nop' above
times 33 db 0x00
; 8 ascii bytes, "MSWIN 4.1", ""
phy_bs_ident:
times 8 db 0x00
phy_bpb_start:
times 25 db 0x00
phy_ebpb_start:
; fill eBPB area with 0x00 since we skip writing this part to disk
times 54 db 0x00
; ###############
@@ -95,7 +101,7 @@ main:
mov byte [bp - 2], dl ; boot_drive
.check_FAT_size: ; we only support a very specific setup of FAT32
mov bx, phy_bpb_start
test word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.unused2_ZERO_word], 0 ; TotSectors16 will not be set if FAT32
test word [bx + FAT32_bpb_t.u16_TotalSectors16], 0 ; TotSectors16 will not be set if FAT32
jz main.load_stage2
ERROR VBR_ERROR_WRONG_FAT_SIZE
.load_stage2: