account for .sign section in bytes_remaining calculation

this will save us disk reads for patition table info

.github/workflows/daily.yaml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ on:
   push:
     branches: [ $default-branch ]
   schedule:
-    - cron: "0 7 * * 1"   # mondays at 07:00
+    - cron: "0 7 * * *"   # daily 07:00
   workflow_dispatch: {}
 
 jobs:

Makefile

@@ -13,74 +13,111 @@
 #     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 #     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-include := './include'
-
-mbr_source_files := $(wildcard src/mbr/*.nasm)
-vbr_source_files := $(wildcard src/vbr/*.nasm)
-stage2_source_files := $(wildcard src/stage2/*.nasm)
-boottest_source_files := $(wildcard src/miniboot32/*.nasm)
-
-mbr_binary_files := $(patsubst src/mbr/%.nasm, build/%.bin, $(mbr_source_files))
-vbr_binary_files := $(patsubst src/vbr/%.nasm, build/%.bin, $(vbr_source_files))
-stage2_binary_files := $(patsubst src/stage2/%.nasm, build/%.bin, $(stage2_source_files))
-boottest_binary_files := $(patsubst src/miniboot32/%.nasm, build/%.bin, $(boottest_source_files))
-
-build_dir := 'build'
+INCDIR := include
+BUILD_DIR := build
+IMG := $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.img
+IMGZ := $(BUILD_DIR)/disk.img.gz
+DEP_DIR     := $(BUILD_DIR)/deps
 
 # Get current Git version (tag) and hash
-GIT_VERSION := $(shell git describe --tags)
-GIT_HASH := $(shell git rev-parse HEAD)
+GIT_VERSION := $(shell git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
+GIT_HASH := $(shell git rev-parse HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo unknown)
 GIT_NASM_DEFINES := -D __GIT_VER__='"$(GIT_VERSION)"' -D __GIT_HASH__='"$(GIT_HASH)"'
 
-iso := 'build/disk.img'
-isoz := 'build/output/disk.img.gz'
+NASMFLAGS   := -Wall -f bin -i$(INCDIR)/ $(GIT_NASM_DEFINES)
 
-qemu_args := -L ./bin/ -bios bios.bin -cpu pentium3 -m 128 -S -s -monitor stdio -nic none
-.PHONY: all mbr vbr stage2 boottest clean run run_bochs iso isoz
+QEMU        ?= qemu-system-i386
+QEMU_ARGS := \
+    -M pc-i440fx-8.2,accel=tcg \
+    -cpu pentium3 \
+    -m 64M \
+    -rtc base=localtime \
+    -boot c \
+    -vga std \
+    -display gtk,gl=off \
+    -device e1000,netdev=n0,mac=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
+    -netdev user,id=n0 \
+    -device piix3-usb-uhci \
+    -device usb-ohci,id=ohci0 \
+    -device usb-ehci,id=ehci0 \
+    -device pcspk \
+    -parallel null \
+    -serial null -serial none -serial none -serial none \
+    -chardev file,id=dbg,path=bochs-e9.log,append=on \
+    -device isa-debugcon,iobase=0xe9,chardev=dbg \
+    -msg timestamp=on
 
-all: $(iso) $(isoz) $(mbr_binary_files) $(vbr_binary_files) $(stage2_binary_files)
-mbr: $(mbr_binary_files)
-vbr: $(vbr_binary_files)
-stage2: $(stage2_binary_files)
-boottest: $(boottest_binary_files)
+MBR_SRCS 	  := $(wildcard src/mbr/*.nasm)
+VBR_SRCS 	  := $(wildcard src/vbr/*.nasm)
+STAGE2_SRCS   := $(wildcard src/stage2/*.nasm)
+BOOTTEST_SRCS := $(wildcard src/miniboot32/*.nasm)
 
-clean:
-	@rm -v $(build_dir)/*.bin
-	@rm -v $(build_dir)/*.map
-	@rm -v $(build_dir)/*.img
-	@rm -v $(build_dir)/output/*.img.gz
-	@rm -v $(build_dir)/output/*.tar.gz
+MBR_BINS 	  := $(patsubst src/mbr/%.nasm, $(BUILD_DIR)/mbr/%.bin, $(MBR_SRCS))
+VBR_BINS 	  := $(patsubst src/vbr/%.nasm, $(BUILD_DIR)/vbr/%.bin, $(VBR_SRCS))
+STAGE2_BINS   := $(patsubst src/stage2/%.nasm, $(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/%.bin, $(STAGE2_SRCS))
+BOOTTEST_BINS := $(patsubst src/miniboot32/%.nasm, $(BUILD_DIR)/miniboot32/%.bin, $(BOOTTEST_SRCS))
 
-run: $(iso)
-	@sudo qemu-system-i386 $(qemu_args) -hda $(iso)
+ALL_BINS	  := $(MBR_BINS) $(VBR_BINS) $(STAGE2_BINS) $(BOOTTEST_BINS)
 
-run_bochs: $(iso)
-	@bochs -q
+.DEFAULT_GOAL := all
+.DELETE_ON_ERROR:
 
-iso: $(iso)
-	@file $(iso)
+.PHONY: all mbr vbr stage2 boottest clean run run_qemu run_bochs img imgz help
+all: $(IMG) $(IMGZ) $(ALL_BINS)
+mbr: $(MBR_BINS)
+vbr: $(VBR_BINS)
+stage2: $(STAGE2_BINS)
+boottest: $(BOOTTEST_BINS)
 
-isoz: $(isoz)
-	@file $(isoz)
+# Build Rules
 
-build/%.bin: src/mbr/%.nasm
-	@mkdir -p $(shell dirname $@)
-	@nasm -i$(include) -Wall -f bin $(GIT_NASM_DEFINES) $< -o $@
+$(BUILD_DIR)/mbr/%.bin: src/mbr/%.nasm | $(DEP_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(@D)
+	@nasm $(NASMFLAGS) -MD $(DEP_DIR)/$*.d -MT $@ $< -o $@
 
-build/%.bin: src/vbr/%.nasm
-	@mkdir -p $(shell dirname $@)
-	@nasm -i$(include) -Wall -f bin $(GIT_NASM_DEFINES) $< -o $@
+$(BUILD_DIR)/vbr/%.bin: src/vbr/%.nasm | $(DEP_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(@D)
+	@nasm $(NASMFLAGS) -MD $(DEP_DIR)/$*.d -MT $@ $< -o $@
 
-build/%.bin: src/stage2/%.nasm
-	@mkdir -p $(shell dirname $@)
-	@nasm -i$(include) -Wall -f bin $(GIT_NASM_DEFINES) $< -o $@
+$(BUILD_DIR)/stage2/%.bin: src/stage2/%.nasm | $(DEP_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(@D)
+	@nasm $(NASMFLAGS) -MD $(DEP_DIR)/$*.d -MT $@ $< -o $@
 
-build/%.bin: src/miniboot32/%.nasm
-	@mkdir -p $(shell dirname $@)
-	@nasm -i$(include) -Wall -f bin $(GIT_NASM_DEFINES) $< -o $@
+$(BUILD_DIR)/miniboot32/%.bin: src/miniboot32/%.nasm | $(DEP_DIR)
+	@mkdir -p $(@D)
+	@nasm $(NASMFLAGS) -MD $(DEP_DIR)/$*.d -MT $@ $< -o $@
 
-$(iso): $(mbr_binary_files) $(vbr_binary_files) $(stage2_binary_files) $(boottest_binary_files)
+
+$(DEP_DIR):
+	@mkdir -p $@
+
+# Disk image's
+
+$(IMG): $(ALL_BINS) | scripts/create-disk.sh
 	@scripts/create-disk.sh
 
-$(isoz): $(iso)
-	@gzip -9kc $(iso) > $(isoz)
+$(IMGZ): $(IMG)
+	@gzip -9kc $(IMG) > $(IMGZ)
+
+img: $(IMG)
+	@file $(IMG)
+
+imgz: $(IMGZ)
+	@file $(IMGZ)
+
+# Helpers
+
+run: $(IMG)
+	@$(QEMU) $(QEMU_OPTS) -drive file=$(IMG),if=ide,index=0,media=disk,format=raw \
+
+run_bochs: $(IMG)
+	@bochs -q
+
+clean:
+	@$(RM) -rv $(BUILD_DIR)/
+
+help:
+	@awk '/^[A-Za-z0-9_%-]+:/{print $$1}' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | sed 's/:$$//' | sort -u
+
+# Include header deps
+-include $(wildcard $(DEP_DIR)/*.d)

include/early_mem.inc

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-; Copyright (C) 2025 Elaina Claus
-; 
-;     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-;     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-;     the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-;     (at your option) any later version.
-; 
-;     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-;     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-;     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-;     GNU General Public License for more details.
-; 
-;     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-;     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-%ifndef __INC_EARLY_MEM
-
-;PhysicalAddress = Segment * 16 + Offset
-%define SEG_TO_LINEAR(s,o) ((s << 4) + o)
-
-; Offset = physical / (Segment * 16)
-%define LINEAR_TO_OFFSET(p,s) ((p / (s << 4)))
-
-; Seg = (physical - offset) / 16
-%define LINEAR_TO_SEGMENT(p,o) ((p - o) >> 4)
-
-%endif
-%define __INC_EARLY_MEM

include/entry.inc

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 %ifndef __INC_ENTRY
 
-%define MBR_ENTRY                    0x8C00
+%define MBR_ENTRY                    0x6C00
 %define VBR_ENTRY                    0x7C00
 %define STAGE2_ENTRY                 0x0500
 

include/fat32/FAT32_SYS.nasm

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+; Copyright (C) 2025 Elaina Claus
+; 
+;     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;     the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;     (at your option) any later version.
+; 
+;     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;     GNU General Public License for more details.
+; 
+;     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+%ifndef __INC_FAT32_SYS
+
+%include "partition_table.inc"
+%include "fat32/bpb_offset_bx.inc"
+%include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
+
+; Prototyping for now...
+
+; TODO:
+;   - bio_read_sectors (BIOS int13h LBA or CHS) + tiny sector cache.
+;   - mount: parse BPB, derive fat0_lba, data_lba, cluster0_lba.
+;   - FAT read: fat32_read_fat, fat32_next_clus.
+;   - dir iterator (SFN only) + path lookup.
+;   - file reader (fopen/fread) with cluster crossing.
+;   - contiguity probe for speed (optional).
+;   - (later) LFN support & code page handling.
+
+
+; keep count <= 127
+; int bio_read_sectors(uint64_t lba, uint16_t count, void* dst);
+; will also need a bio_bios_int13h() (refactor ext_disk_read?)
+; to abstract the backend 'sector getter'
+
+; Error codes
+
+; FS_OK 0
+; FS_E_IO 1 (bio read failed)
+; FS_E_FMT 2 (not FAT32 or bad BPB)
+; FS_E_RANGE 3 (bad cluster or out of range)
+; FS_E_END 4 (iterator end)
+; FS_E_NOSUCH 5 (file/dir not found)
+; FS_E_ISDIR 6 (opened dir as file)
+; FS_E_TOOLONG 7 (path segment too long for 8.3)
+; FS_E_UNSUPPORTED 8 (LFN present but disabled)
+; FS_E_UNIMPLEMENTED 0xffff (procedure call unimplmented)
+
+;
+; Cache methods
+;
+; TODO: make a cache for ~4-8 disk sectors
+; TODO: make a cache for FATs to avoid having to re-read the FAT
+;
+; // uses bio_read_sectors + cache
+; int cache_read_sector(uint64_t lba, void* dst);   
+; int cache_invalidate_all(void);
+
+; what a 'mount' should probably do at this point...
+; - read VBR at partition_lba
+; - validate FAT32 signatures
+; - fill fat32_bpb_t and compute derived fields
+; - read FSInfo (free count/next free)
+; - ???
+; int fat32_mount(uint32_t partition_lba, fat32_bpb_t* out);
+
+
+;
+; Accessors
+;
+
+; // Convert cluster -> LBA of first sector of that cluster
+; uint64_t clus_to_lba(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus) {
+;  return v->data_lba + (uint64_t)(clus - 2) * v->secs_per_clus;
+; }
+
+; FAT32 entry is 32-bits; only low 28 bits are meaningful.
+;   EOC if (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) >= 0x0FFFFFF8.
+;   bad if == 0x0FFFFFF7.
+;   free if == 0x00000000.
+
+; // Read 32-bit FAT entry for cluster n
+; int fat32_read_fat(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out);
+
+; // Walk to next cluster in chain (validates EOC/bad)
+; int fat32_next_clus(const fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t clus, uint32_t* out_next);
+
+;
+; SFN directories
+;
+
+; typedef struct {
+;   char     name83[12];   // "FILENAMEEXT" (no dot), NUL-terminated
+;   uint8_t  attr;         // ATTR_DIRECTORY=0x10, ATTR_VOLUME=0x08
+;   uint32_t first_clus;   // (hi<<16)|lo
+;   uint32_t size;         // bytes
+; } fat32_dirent_sfn_t;
+
+; typedef struct { // iterator
+;   fat32_bpb_t* v;
+;   uint32_t     cur_clus;
+;   uint32_t     offs_in_clus; // byte offset
+; } fat32_dir_iter_t;
+
+;int fat32_dir_iter_open_root(fat32_bpb_t* v, fat32_dir_iter_t* it);
+;int fat32_dir_iter_open(fat32_bpb_t* v, uint32_t first_clus, fat32_dir_iter_t* it);
+;int fat32_dir_iter_next(fat32_dir_iter_t* it, fat32_dirent_sfn_t* out); // FS_OK or FS_E_END
+
+
+; typedef struct {
+;   uint32_t first_clus;
+;   uint32_t size;
+;   uint8_t  attr; // dir or file
+; } fat32_node_t;
+
+; split by / or \.
+; start at root (v->root_clus).
+; for each component:
+; iterate directory with dir_iter_* to find case-insensitive 8.3 match (fold to upper and space-pad during compare).
+; if final component: return file’s cluster & size.
+; if intermediate: ensure ATTR_DIRECTORY and descend.
+;
+; int fat32_path_lookup(fat32_bpb_t* v, const char* path, fat32_node_t* out);
+
+; an example 'do the thing' proc to load a file to a location
+;
+; // loads file at path into dst, up to max_bytes; returns size read.
+; int fat32_load_file(fat32_bpb_t* v, const char* path, void* dst,
+;                     uint32_t max_bytes, uint32_t* out_size);
+
+; streamed reads
+;
+; typedef struct {
+;   fat32_bpb_t* v;
+;   uint32_t     first_clus;
+;   uint32_t     cur_clus;
+;   uint32_t     cur_clus_index;   // which cluster within file we’re on
+;   uint32_t     size;             // total bytes
+;   uint32_t     pos;              // current byte position
+; } fat32_file_t;
+; 
+; 
+; int fat32_fopen(fat32_bpb_t* v, const char* path, fat32_file_t* f);
+; int fat32_fread(fat32_file_t* f, void* dst, uint32_t nbytes, uint32_t* out_read);
+; int fat32_fseek(fat32_file_t* f, uint32_t new_pos);   // forward seeks only is fine
+; int fat32_fclose(fat32_file_t* f);
+
+
+; an example 'do the thing' proc to load a file to a location
+;
+; // loads file at path into dst, up to max_bytes; returns size read.
+; int fat32_load_file(fat32_bpb_t* v, const char* path, void* dst,
+;                     uint32_t max_bytes, uint32_t* out_size);
+
+
+%endif
+%define __INC_FAT32_SYS

include/fat32/old/fat32_structures.inc

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+; Copyright (C) 2025 Elaina Claus
+; 
+;     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+;     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+;     the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+;     (at your option) any later version.
+; 
+;     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+;     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+;     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+;     GNU General Public License for more details.
+; 
+;     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+;     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+%ifndef __INC_FAT32_STRUCT
+
+; ## FAT32 Info ##
+;   total_sectors = bsSectorsHuge
+;   fat_size = bsSectorsPerFat
+; 
+;       first_data_sector = bsResSectors + (bsFATs * bsSectPerFAT);
+;       total_data_sectors = bsSectorsHuge - (bsResSectors + (bsFATs * bsSectPerFAT));
+;       total_clusters = total_data_sectors / bsSectsPerClust
+;       first_fat_sector = bsResSectors
+;
+; ## FAT32 Table information ##
+;
+;   fat_offset = active_cluster * 4
+;   fat_sector = first_fat_sector + (fat_offset / sector_size)
+;   entry_offset = fat_offset % sector_size
+;   
+;   table_value = fat_table[entry_offset] & 0x0FFF_FFFF
+;
+; ## FAT32 Directory Entries ##
+;   root_dir_cluster = bsRootDirCluster
+;   root_dir_sectors = ? (this is varible on FAT32 since the root dir is a cluster chain)
+;   first_sector_of_cluster = ((cluster - 2) * bsSectPerClust) + first_data_sector;
+
+; BPB Information
+; Size   Description
+;   8 	OEM identifier.
+;   2 	The number of Bytes per sector (remember, all numbers are in the little-endian format).
+;   1 	Number of sectors per cluster.
+;   2 	Number of reserved sectors. The boot record sectors are included in this value.
+;   1 	Number of File Allocation Tables (FAT's) on the storage media. Often this value is 2.
+;   2 	Number of directory entries (must be set so that the root directory occupies entire sectors).
+;   2 	The total sectors in the logical volume. 
+;            If this value is 0, it means there are more than 65535 sectors in the volume, 
+;            and the actual count is stored in the Large Sector Count entry at 0x20.
+;
+;   1 	This Byte indicates the media descriptor type.
+;   2 	Number of sectors per FAT. FAT12/FAT16 only.
+;   2 	Number of sectors per track.
+;   2 	Number of heads or sides on the storage media.
+;   4 	Number of hidden sectors. (i.e. the LBA of the beginning of the partition.)
+;   4 	Large sector count. This field is set if there are more than 65535 sectors in the volume, 
+;                           resulting in a value which does not fit in the Number of Sectors entry at 0x13. 
+
+struc FAT32_bpb_t
+    .reserved_jmpboot               resb 3
+    .ident                          resb 8
+    .bytes_per_sector_word          resb 2
+    .sectors_per_cluster_byte       resb 1
+    .reserved_sectors_word          resb 2
+    .fat_count_byte                 resb 1
+    .unused1_ZERO_word              resb 2      ; Root entry count field, 0 on fat32
+    .unused2_ZERO_word              resb 2      ; total sectors size 16, 0 on fat32
+    .media_desc_byte                resb 1
+    .unused3_ZERO_word              resb 2      ; FAT size 16, 0 on fat32
+    .sectors_per_track_word         resb 2
+    .head_count_word                resb 2
+    .hidden_sectors_dword           resb 4
+    .total_sectors_dword            resb 4
+endstruc
+
+; EBPB Information (FAT32)
+; Size   Description
+;   4 	Sectors per FAT. The size of the FAT in sectors.
+;   2 	Flags.
+;   2 	FAT version number. The high byte is the major version and the low byte is the minor version. FAT drivers should respect this field.
+;   4 	The cluster number of the root directory. Often this field is set to 2.
+;   2 	The sector number of the FSInfo structure.
+;   2 	The sector number of the backup boot sector.
+;   12 	Reserved. When the volume is formated these bytes should be zero.
+;   1 	Drive number. The values here are identical to the values returned by the BIOS interrupt 0x13. 0x00 for a floppy disk and 0x80 for hard disks.
+;   1 	Flags in Windows NT. Reserved otherwise.
+;   1 	Signature (must be 0x28 or 0x29).
+;   4 	Volume ID 'Serial' number. Used for tracking volumes between computers. You can ignore this if you want.
+;   11 	Volume label string. This field is padded with spaces.
+;   8 	System identifier string. Always "FAT32   ". The spec says never to trust the contents of this string for any use.
+
+struc FAT32_ebpb_t
+    .FATSz_dword                resb 4
+    .extflags_word              resb 2
+    .FSVersion_word             resb 2
+    .root_clus_dword            resb 4
+    .FSInfo_word                resb 2
+    .BkBootSec_word             resb 2
+    .reserved1                  resb 12
+    .drive_number_byte          resb 1
+    .nt_flags_byte              resb 1
+    .signature_byte             resb 1
+    .volume_id_dword            resb 4
+    .volume_label_bytea         resb 11
+    .system_ident_bytea         resb 8
+endstruc
+
+; ## Standard 8.3 structure ###
+;   Offset      Length (Bytes)      Description
+;   0               11              8.3 file name. The first 8 characters are the name and the last 3 are the extension.
+;   11              1               File Atrributes
+;                                      READ_ONLY=0x01 
+;                                      HIDDEN=0x02 
+;                                      SYSTEM=0x04 
+;                                      VOLUME_ID=0x08 
+;                                      DIRECTORY=0x10 
+;                                      ARCHIVE=0x20 
+;                                      LFN=READ_ONLY|HIDDEN|SYSTEM|VOLUME_ID == 0x0F
+;
+;   12              1                NT Reserved
+;   13              1                Creation time in tenths of a second.
+;   14              2                File creation time, Hour 5 bits, Minutes 6 bits, Seconds 5 Bits, multiply seconds by 2
+;   16              2                File creation date, Year 7 bits, month 4 bits, day 5 bits
+;   18              2                Last Accessed date. same format at creation date
+;   20              2                High 16 bits of entry's first cluster
+;   22              2                Last modification time. same format at creation time
+;   24              2                Last modification date. same format as creation date
+;   26              2                Low 16 bits of entry's first cluster
+;   28              4                File size in bytes
+
+; FSInfo 
+; 0 	0x0 	4 	    Lead signature (must be 0x41615252 to indicate a valid FSInfo structure)
+; 4 	0x4 	480 	Reserved, these bytes should never be used
+; 484 	0x1E4 	4 	    Another signature (must be 0x61417272)
+; 488 	0x1E8 	4 	    Contains the last known free cluster count on the volume. If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, then the free count is unknown and must be computed. 
+;                       However, this value might be incorrect and should at least be range checked (<= volume cluster count)
+;
+; 492 	0x1EC 	4 	    Indicates the cluster number at which the filesystem driver should start looking for available clusters. 
+;                       If the value is 0xFFFFFFFF, then there is no hint and the driver should start searching at 2. 
+;                       Typically this value is set to the last allocated cluster number. As the previous field, this value should be range checked.
+;
+; 496 	0x1F0 	12 	    Reserved
+; 508 	0x1FC 	4 	    Trail signature (0xAA550000)
+
+struc FAT32_FSInfo_t
+    .head_sig_dword         resd 1          ; 0x41615252
+    .reserved1              resb 480        ; fill zero
+    .body_sig_dword         resd 1          ; 0x61417272
+    .free_count_dword       resd 1
+    .next_free_dword        resd 1
+    .reserved2              resb 12         ; fill zero
+    .tail_sig_dword         resd 1          ; 0xAA550000
+endstruc
+
+struc FAT32_SFN_t
+    .label_83               resb 11
+    .attributes_byte        resb 1
+    .nt_res_byte            resb 1
+    .csec_byte              resb 1
+    .ctime_word             resb 2
+    .cdate_word             resb 2
+    .adate_word             resb 2
+    .cluster_16_high        resb 2
+    .mtime_word             resb 2
+    .mdate_word             resb 2
+    .cluster_16_low         resb 2
+    .size_dword             resb 4
+endstruc
+
+; ## Long file name (LFN) structure format ##
+;
+; 0 	1 	The order of this entry in the sequence of long file name entries. This value helps you to know where in the file's name the characters from this entry should be placed.
+; 1 	10 	The first 5, 2-byte characters of this entry.
+; 11 	1 	Attribute. Always equals 0x0F. (the long file name attribute)
+; 12 	1 	Long entry type. Zero for name entries.
+; 13 	1 	Checksum generated of the short file name when the file was created. The short filename can change without changing the long filename in cases where the partition is mounted on a system which does not support long filenames.
+; 14 	12 	The next 6, 2-byte characters of this entry.
+; 26 	2 	Always zero.
+; 28 	4 	The final 2, 2-byte characters of this entry. 
+;
+; LFN entries are always placed immediately before their respective 8.3 entry
+; 
+; LAST_LFN_ENTRY == 0x40
+; Max of 20 in sequence == 0x14
+
+struc FAT32_LFN_t
+    .order                  resb 1
+    .lfn_first5             resb 10
+    .attributes_8           resb 1
+    .zero1                  resb 1
+    .checksum               resb 1
+    .lfn_next6              resb 12
+    .zero2                  resb 2
+    .lfn_last2              resb 4
+endstruc
+
+; 32 bytes
+struc FAT32_State_t
+    .first_data_sector_32     resd 1
+    .first_fat_sector_32      resd 1
+    .fat_size_32              resd 1
+    .curr_FAT_cluster_32      resd 1
+    .curr_dir_cluster_32      resd 1
+    .curr_drive_lba_32        resd 1
+endstruc
+
+; 16 bytes
+struc FAT32_NextClusterData_t
+    .fat_offset               resd 1
+    .fat_sector               resd 1
+    .entry_offset             resd 1
+    .reserved_1               resd 1
+endstruc
+
+; FAT32 Attributes
+%define FAT32_ATTR_RO           0x01
+%define FAT32_ATTR_HIDDEN       0x02
+%define FAT32_ATTR_SYSTEM       0x04
+%define FAT32_ATTR_VOLID        0x08
+%define FAT32_ATTR_DIR          0x10
+%define FAT32_ATTR_ARC          0x20
+
+; LFN == RO | HIDDEN | SYSTEM | VOLID == 0x0F
+%define FAT32_ATTR_LFN          0x0F
+
+%endif
+%define __INC_FAT32_STRUCT

scripts/create-disk.sh

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ if [ $(id -u) = 0 ]; then
 fi
 
 # paths to bootcode
-mbr_file=build/mbr.bin
-vbr_file=build/vbr.bin
-stage2_file=build/stage2.bin
-boottest_file=build/BOOTi686.bin
+mbr_file=build/mbr/mbr.bin
+vbr_file=build/vbr/vbr.bin
+stage2_file=build/stage2/stage2.bin
+boottest_file=build/miniboot32/BOOTi686.bin
 
 # Disk creation options
 disk_img=build/disk.img
@@ -161,9 +161,14 @@ if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
         dd if="$part_img" of="$disk_img" bs=$disk_sector_size seek=$part_start conv=notrunc
 
         echo " *** Outputing disk images will be in ./build/output/* *** "
+        
+        if [ ! -d ./build/output ]; then
+            echo "./build/output does not exist. creating"
+            mkdir -p ./build/output
+        fi
         gzip -9c "$disk_img" > "$disk_img_final"
         gzip -9c "$part_img" > "$part_img_final"
-        tar caf "$artifacts_archive" build/*.bin build/*.map
+        tar caf "$artifacts_archive" --exclude ./build/output ./build/ 
 else
         # Unknown.
         echo "Unknown OS type! Supported build hosts systems are GNU/Linux (& WSL)"

src/mbr/mbr.nasm

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 ;     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 [BITS 16]
-[ORG 0x8C00]
+[ORG 0x6C00]
 [CPU KATMAI]
 [WARNING -reloc-abs-byte]
 [WARNING -reloc-abs-word]                   ; Yes, we use absolute addresses. surpress these warnings.
@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@ nop
 %include "config.inc"
 %include "error_codes.inc"
 %include "partition_table.inc"
-%include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
 
 %undef __STEVIA_DEV_DEBUG
 
+; BIOS will load 1st sector of boot drive to 0x7c00, init and relocate
 ALIGN 4
 init:
     cli                             ; We do not want to be interrupted
@@ -58,14 +58,14 @@ init:
     cld
     rep stosb                         ; zero bss section
 
-    sub sp, 0x20                    ; local varible space (32 bytes)
+    sub sp, 0x10                    ; local varible space (32 bytes)
     push bp                         ; setup top of stack frame
 
     xor cx, cx
     mov ch, 0x02                    ; 0x0200 in cx
     mov si, 0x7C00                  ; Current MBR Address (loaded here by BIOS)
     mov di, MBR_ENTRY               ; New MBR Address (our new relocation address)
-    rep movsb                       ; copy 512 bytes from 0x0000:7c00 to 0x0000:MBR_ENTRY (7A00 as of writing)
+    rep movsb                       ; copy 512 bytes from 0x0000:7c00 to 0x0000:MBR_ENTRY (6C00 as of writing)
 
     sti
 
@@ -121,19 +121,14 @@ main:
         mov word [bp - 4], ax                   ; update part_offset
     .read_data:
         movzx ax, byte [bp - 2]
-        push ax                                            ; drive_num
-
-        mov ax, 0x1
-        push ax                                            ; count
+        push ax                                            ; drive_num (2)
+        push 0x01                                          ; count (2)
 
         mov dword eax, dword [bx + PartEntry_t.lba_start]
-        push dword eax                                     ; lba
+        push dword eax                                     ; lba (4)
 
-        mov ax, VBR_ENTRY
-        push ax                                            ; offset = 0x7c00
-
-        xor ax, ax
-        push ax                                            ; segment = 0
+        push word 0x7C00                                   ; offset = 0x7c00 (2)
+        push 0x00                                          ; segment = 0 (2)
 
         ; uint8_t read_stage2_raw(uint16_t buf_segment, uint16_t buf_offset, 
         ;                         uint32_t lba,
@@ -143,14 +138,11 @@ main:
     .goto_vbr:
         cmp word [VBR_ENTRY + 0x1FE], 0xAA55
         je main.sig_ok
-        ERROR MBR_ERROR_NO_VBR_SIG                        ; no signature present
-    .sig_ok:
-        mov ax, PartTable_t_size                
-        push ax
-        mov ax, DiskSig                         ; start of partition table
-        push ax
-        mov ax, partition_table                 
-        push ax
+        ERROR MBR_ERROR_NO_VBR_SIG              ; no signature present
+    .sig_ok:  
+        push PartTable_t_size                   ; len       
+        push DiskSig                            ; src -> start of partition table
+        push partition_table                    ; dst -> addr in bss 
         call kmemcpy                            ; copy partition table to bss
         add sp, 0x6
         
@@ -185,7 +177,7 @@ PartEntry4:
     times 16 db 0x00
 BootSig:
     dw 0xAA55                    ; Add boot signature at the end of bootloader
-
+; !!! end of MBR !!!
 section .bss follows=.text
 begin_bss:
 
@@ -196,7 +188,7 @@ align 16, resb 1
 lba_packet resb LBAPkt_t_size
 
 align 512, resb 1
-stack_bottom resb 512                  ; 512 byte stack early on
+stack_bottom resb 512 - 16                 ; 512 byte stack early on
 stack_top:
-mbr_redzone resb 32
+mbr_redzone resb 16
 end_bss:

src/stage2/stage2.nasm

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
 %include "cdecl16.inc"
 %include "entry.inc"
 %include "config.inc"
-%include "early_mem.inc"
 %include "error_codes.inc"
 
 section .text
@@ -98,7 +97,9 @@ init:
 ; FAT32 Driver
 ; ###############
 
-%include 'fat32/FAT32_SYS.inc'
+%include "partition_table.inc"
+%include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
+;%include 'fat32/FAT32_SYS.inc'
 
 ; ###############
 ; BIOS functions
@@ -164,22 +165,22 @@ main:
     __CDECL16_CALL PrintString, 1
 
     ; FAT Driver setup
-    call InitFATDriver
-    __CDECL16_CALL_ARGS InitFATSYS_OK_info
-    __CDECL16_CALL PrintString, 1
+    ;call InitFATDriver
+    ;__CDECL16_CALL_ARGS InitFATSYS_OK_info
+    ;__CDECL16_CALL PrintString, 1
 
     ;
     ; Find first cluster of bootable file
-    call SearchFATDIR
-    push dword eax      ; save first cluster of bootable file
+    ;call SearchFATDIR
+    ;push dword eax      ; save first cluster of bootable file
 
-    __CDECL16_CALL_ARGS FileFound_OK_info
-    __CDECL16_CALL PrintString, 1
+    ;__CDECL16_CALL_ARGS FileFound_OK_info
+    ;__CDECL16_CALL PrintString, 1
 
-    pop dword eax
-    push dword eax      ; print Cluster of boot file
-    call PrintDWORD     ; void PrintDWORD(uint32_t dword)
-    add sp, 0x4
+    ;pop dword eax
+    ;push dword eax      ; print Cluster of boot file
+    ;call PrintDWORD     ; void PrintDWORD(uint32_t dword)
+    ;add sp, 0x4
 
     ; TODO: using first cluster information, start loading the kernel to memory
     ; TODO: going to need an elf parser,  some unreal mode file buffer functions to move the data
@@ -429,11 +430,11 @@ BUILD_GIT_HASH:
     db __GIT_HASH__, 00h
 end_data:
 
-%assign bytes_remaining ((MAX_STAGE2_BYTES - 4) - (($ - $$) + (end_text - begin_text)))
+%assign bytes_remaining ((MAX_STAGE2_BYTES - 512) - (($ - $$) + (end_text - begin_text)))
 %warning STAGE2 has bytes_remaining bytes remaining for code/data (MAX: MAX_STAGE2_BYTES)
 
 ; section start location needs to be a 'critical expression'
-; i.e resolvable at build time, we are setting 0x7E00 as the offset since
+; i.e resolvable at build time, we are setting 0x0500 as the offset since
 section .sign start=((MAX_STAGE2_BYTES - 512) + 0x0500)
 times ((512 - 4) - ($ -$$) ) db 0x90     ; nop
 STAGE2_SIG: dd 0xDEADBEEF                ; Signature to mark the end of the stage2

src/vbr/vbr.nasm

@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ times 54 db 0x00
 %include "cdecl16.inc"
 %include "entry.inc"
 %include "config.inc"
-%include "early_mem.inc"
 %include "error_codes.inc"
 %include "partition_table.inc"
 %include "fat32/fat32_structures.inc"
@@ -72,7 +71,7 @@ init:
     cld
     rep stosb                          
     
-    sub sp, 0x20                    ; local varible space (32 bytes)
+    sub sp, 0x10                    ; local varible space (32 bytes)
     push bp
 
     sti                             ; all done with inital setup and relocation, reenable interupts
@@ -100,23 +99,17 @@ main:
     mov word [bp - 4], si                 ; part_offset
     mov word [bp - 6], bx                 ; partition_table
 
-.load_fs_data:
-    mov ax, PartTable_t_size                           ; count=
-    push ax                                             
-    mov ax, [bp - 6]                                   ; src= ptr partition_table
-    push ax
-    mov ax, partition_table                            ; dst=      
-    push ax
-    call kmemcpy                                       ; copy partition table data
+.load_fs_data:                      
+    push PartTable_t_size                              ; count=                                    
+    push word [bp - 6]                                 ; src= ptr partition_table                                
+    push partition_table                               ; dst=
+    call kmemcpy                                       ; copy partition table data to bss
     add sp, 0x6
-
-    mov ax, (FAT32_bpb_t_size + FAT32_ebpb_t_size)     ; size in byte, should be 90 bytes
-    push ax
-    mov ax, __ENTRY                                    
-    push ax
-    mov ax, fat32_bpb                                  ; 
-    push ax
-    call kmemcpy                                       ; copy bpb & ebpb to memory
+     
+    push (FAT32_bpb_t_size + FAT32_ebpb_t_size)        ; size in byte, should be 90 bytes                                     
+    push __ENTRY                                       ; src
+    push fat32_bpb                                     ; dst
+    call kmemcpy                                       ; copy bpb & ebpb to bss
     add sp, 0x6
 
 .check_FAT_size:                     ; we only support a very specific setup of FAT32
@@ -129,17 +122,13 @@ main:
     movzx ax, byte [bp - 2]
     push ax                                            ; drive_num
 
-    mov ax, STAGE2_SECTOR_COUNT
-    push ax                                            ; count
+    push STAGE2_SECTOR_COUNT                           ; count
 
     mov dword eax, 0x1
     push dword eax                                     ; lba
 
-    mov ax, STAGE2_ENTRY
-    push ax                                            ; offset
-
-    xor ax, ax
-    push ax                                            ; segment = 0
+    push STAGE2_ENTRY                                  ; offset
+    push 0x00                                          ; segment = 0
 
     ; uint8_t read_stage2_raw(uint16_t buf_segment, uint16_t buf_offset, 
     ;                         uint32_t lba,
@@ -166,6 +155,7 @@ times (510 - ($ - $$)) nop     ; Fill the rest of sector with nop
 
 BootSig:
     dw 0xAA55                    ; Add boot signature at the end of bootloader
+; !!! END VBR !!!
 
 section .bss follows=.text
 begin_bss:
@@ -177,14 +167,11 @@ align 16, resb 1
 fat32_bpb resb FAT32_bpb_t_size
 fat32_ebpb resb FAT32_ebpb_t_size
 
-align 16, resb 1
-fat32_nc_data resb 16
-
 align 16, resb 1
 lba_packet resb LBAPkt_t_size
 
 align 512, resb 1
-stack_bottom resb 512                  ; 512b stack early on
+stack_bottom resb (512 - 16)                  ; 512b stack early on
 stack_top:
-vbr_redzone resb 32
+vbr_redzone resb 16
 end_bss: